X o ornamental wood-working



(No Model.)

P. KOSKUL.

ORNAMENTAL WOOD WORKING.

No. 436,041. Patented Sept. 9, 1890.-

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UNITE STATEs PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK KOSKUL, OF VVILLIAMSPORT, PENNSYLVANIA.

' ORNAMENTAL WOOD-WORKING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 436,041, dated September 9, 1890.

Application filed October 5, 1887. Serial No. 251,549. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FREDERICK KOSKUL, of 'Williamsport, in the county of Lycoming and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new Improvement in the Art of Ornamental WoodtYVorking, of which the followingis a descripion.

The nature of my invention consists in certain novel modes of forming piles of wood or other analogous material from which to produce mosaics or other ornamental veneers, slabs, and blocks, said piles presenting the grain of the wood endwise in one part of the body of the respective piles and also presenting the grain of the wood in another part of the respective pile longitudinally or at right angles to the endwise grain, and the said piles of wood or other analogous material having the constituent pieces which present the endwise grain bound by an external sustaining structure of wood or other suitable material.

The invention also consists in a novel mode of forming piles of wood or other analogous material from which veneers, slabs, and blocks may be produced which present simplythe grain of the wood endwise, the said piles having their constituent parts held together by a sustaining structure of wood or other suitable material, and the said structure remaining upon the piles during the operation of sawing the respective piles into sections, and such sections after being sawed or cut from the respective piles having sustaining or holding material applied to each of the sawed ends, and as fast as veneers, slabs, or blocks are successively sawed from the respective sections similar sustaining or holding material being applied to the sawed ends of the sections until the whole length of the respective sections is sawed into veneers, slabs, or blocks, and thus every veneer, slab, or block sawed from a section or a pile is delivered for use with the strengthening or holding material on one of its broad surfaces and withthe grain of the wood running perpendicular t0 the face of the veneer, slab, or block, and seen endwise on the opposite face of the veneer, slab, or block to that on which the strengthening-piece is applied.

The products of my invention may be used as an ornamental covering for inexpensive woods used in paneling, coverings for walls' and floors, and tops of tables and other articles of furniture, and for many other useful purposes.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a perspective View illustrating an interior portion of a pile formed of pieces of woodin this instance of prismatic form-and with the grain running lengthwise and showing endwise, this View illustrating one of many ornamental or geometrical designs for the interior of the pile that may be adopted. Fig. 2 is an elevation of the interior portion of the pile as shown in Fig. l with strengthening and holding pieces of suitable material applied on its ends. Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing the interior portion of the pile inserted into a surrounding structure of wood or other suitable material, the grain of the pieces constituting the pile running lengthwise and showing endwise, and the grain of the outer surrounding structure, if of wood, running, preferably, at right angles to the grain of the interior portion of the wood of the pile. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of an equivalent pile to that shown in Fig. 3, and illustrating determined lines or guides for the saw in sawing the compound pile into veneers,slabs, or blocks. Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing one of the sawed veneers, slabs, or blocks, with its strengthening or holding piece applied on it. Fig. 6 is a perspective view illustrating a section of a pile with a strengthening-piece applied to it. Fig. 7 is an elevation showing a modified form of strengthening piece. Fig. 8 shows a veneer, slab, or. block sawed from the section illustrated in Fig. 7, the same being attached to the modified strengthening-piece shown in Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a top view illustrating another ornamental design for a pile similar to Fig. 4;. Figs. 10

and 11 are plan views showing piles similar to Fig. 4, but of other ornamental designs, and Fig. 12 is a top view of another design for a pile similar to Fig. 4; but in this view is represented an additional surrounding of wood with its grain showing endwise.

A in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 9, and 10 of the accompanying drawings. designates a pile formed of prismatic pieces a, the grain of said pieces running lengthwise and showing endwise. It will be seen that the bevel-surfaces of the pieces shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3 closely adjoin and match one another on the inside of the pile, and that the straight sides on the outside of the pile unitedly form a rectangular or square figure, and that the flat surfaces of the pieces a shown in Fig. also closely adjoin, while those shown in Fig. 9 do not adjoin one another. If, for instance, the pile A is six feet long, I prefer to cut it into about six small sectionsas, for instance, 1 2 3 4 5 6-at the points indicated by scale-marks on the pile shown in Fig. 1, in order to produce sections that can be more convenien tly handled. The exact number of these sections is not material,

it only being desirable to have them of such a length as will permit of their being handled conveniently. On each of the sections a foundation of wood or any other suitable material b is firmly cemented. Such foundation may be on one or both of its end surfaces. The foundation, if of wood, may be in thickness one-eighth of an inch, or one inch, or of any desired thickness, according to the requirements of its use. If the pile shown in Fig. l is not surrounded 011 its vertical sides by a temporary or permanent structure, such as is illustrated at c in Fig. 3 and in the other succeeding figures of the drawings, itis necessary in the formation of the pile to cement the several pieces a securely together.

To produce veneers, slabs, or blocks from the pile shown in Fig. 1, I proceed as follows:

If the pile shown in Figs. 1 and 3 is one foot in length or six feet in length, a strengthening or holding'end piece I) is applied and secured by cement to one or both of the ends of the pile, especially at the point where the sawing 01f of a veneer, slab, or block (Z is to begin, and thereupon a veneer, slab, or block is sawed oif transversely to the grain of the wood,and whereupon anothersimilarstrengthening and holding piece is cemented to the end of the pile, and another veneer, slab, or block is sawed off, and thus the operation is continued to near the end of the pile, whereupon another strengthening-piece is applied to the last sawed end and also to the outer end of the remaining part of the pile, unless such strengthening-piece has been previously applied to said outer end, and thereupon the remaining part of the pile is sawed into two veneers, slabs, or blocks. The veneers, 850. thus produced show a beautiful geometrical or other ornamental design with the grains of the wood at right angles to their faces, and if the woods employed in the pile are of different natures and colors the design will be still more attractive.

In the aforegoing mode of applying my invention, if the interior pieces of wood of the pile, as shown in Fig. 1, are not cemented together, a temporary wood or other strengtheniqg and holding structure c is placed around the pieces and said pieces bound thereby firmly together and so held during the operation of sawing off the veneers from the pile A, or a section of the pile, as the case maybe, and this casing may be removed after the sawing is finished; but the end-sustaining pieces b should remain attached to the veneer in order to prevent the breaking of the veneer in its subsequent handling.

In Figs. 7 and 8 the end sustaining and strengthening pieces I) are represented as of greater superficial area than the cross-sectional area of the pile and of greater thickness than the strengthening-pieces in Fig. 2. This is so because it is intended that said strengthening-pieces shall,in some cases, form either the foundation of a veneered tabletop or other structure, and that the projecting unveneered portion of said foundation-pieces may admit of other ornamentation being applied out-side of the veneering or of such other finish as may be desired.

Whenever a veneer, slab, or block (Z of the thickness of one inch, or thereabout, is sawed from the block or pile, the product can be used for flooring, wainscoting, and the like, no other manipulation than laying in position and dressing and finishing being required.

WVhenever the product is to be used as a thin veneer, and especially when the filling-in pieces or insertions are of insuflicient size to sustain themselves in position, whether cemented or bound together, it is absolutely necessary to apply the foundation-piece to the pile in order to prevent the sections sawed therefrom from falling apart or breaking, both while being sawed off and in the subsequent handling; but these foundation-pieces are not absolutely necessary when the filling-in pieces are of suiiicient size and bound and cemented together, or are bound together and incloscd by a strong outer casing of wood and the product from the pile is of a thickness suitable for flooring, wainscoting, and the like.

In Figs. 4, 9,f 10, 11, and 12 of the drawings different patterns of filling-in pieces are represented; but the principle of the invention shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3 is not changed by this changing of the design of ornamentation.

In Fig. 4 an outer wood casing having its grain at right angles to the grain of the filling-in pieces is represented, and this casing is shown with determined lines of division as, for instance, 1 2 3 4. 5 6.

If deemed desirable, the sections designated from 1 to 6 may be made separate-as l, 2, 3,4, 5, and 6-and each formed with corresponding ornamental receptacles for the filling-in pieces or portions, and these frames may rest upon one another and the saw pass in between the respective sections to the longitudinally continuous filling-in pieces.

In Fig. 12 an additional outer casing c for the ornamental pile shown in Fig. 4 is repre sented, and by this arrangement of the pieces constituting the pile acombination of central and exterior endwiseshowing grains of wood and intermediate longitudinally running grains of Wood is secured and a very beautiful effect produced.

\Vhat I claim as my invention is- 1. A pile of Wood comprising an interior ornamental filling portion running longitudinally, and With its grain also running longitudinally and showing endwise, and an outer holding and inclosing portion with its grain ru nning transversely to that of the filling portion and serving for sustaining the veneers, slabs, or blocks during the operation of saw- 1ng or severing them from the pile, said pile being adapted for forming veneers, slabs, or blocks of mosaic or other ornamental character of design, substantially as described.

2. A pile of wood comprising an interior ornamental filling portion running longitudinally, and with its grain also running longitudinally and showing endwise, and outer holding and inclosing portions with their grains running both transversely and longitudinally, said portions serving for sustaining the veneers, slabs, or blocks during the operation of sawing or severing from the pile, and

said pile being designed for forming veneers, slabs, or blocks of ornamental character of design, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with a pile of wood for forming ornamental veneers, slabs, or blocks, as herein described, of one or more strengthening or holding end pieces, said pieces serving for sustaining the veneers, slabs, or blocks during the operation of sawing 0r severing them from the pile, substantially as described.

4. In the manufacture of veneers, slabs, or blocks formed of pieces of Wood running lon gitudinally, either cemented or bound together, and showing their grain endwise, applying an end-sustainin g piece to the pile previously to the beginning of the operation of sawing or severing portions from said pile and at each successive sawing-off of a veneer, slab, or block from the pile, substantially as described. I

FREDERICK KOSKUL.

Witnesses:

ELIJAH B. YOMKER, SETH T. MCCORMICK. 

